No, it's actually a relatively "new" concept.
In hunter-gatherer societies, *both* sexes provided food. The men hunted for meat. The women gathered edible plants, fruits, nuts, tubers and berries. Hunting was a difficult job, as the men depended on stone and wood tools and their own wits. Most days, they couldn't kill anything, or they would be gone for long periods of time stalking game. So, the group depended on women for their day-to-day sustenance.
The idea of women staying in the home and raising the children while men go out to work really didn't get into full swing until the industrial revolution in the nineteenth century. For most of history, women's labor has been necesary for survival. Women have worked side-by-side with their men in the fields and taking care of livestock. Women also took part in "household production" - meaning, they would make things (clothes, wool, beer, etc.) in their homes both for their families use, and to sell to make some money.
The long and short of it being, the whole "men as bread-winner" thing has been a flash in the pan idea as far as history is concerned, and it is now on its way out.